What defines an original painting, and how can I tell if a work was entirely hand-painted by the artist?

The term “original painting” can be a little confusing, especially with so many reproductions and mixed-media works out there. Here’s a clear breakdown:

What is an "Original" Painting?

An original painting is typically defined as a one-of-a-kind artwork that has been entirely created by the artist's own hand. It is not a print, reproduction, or mechanically produced copy. It’s the first and only version of that specific artwork.

What if the Artist Uses a Copy as a Base?

If an artist starts with a pre-existing image or copy--like a printed photo or another painting--and then paints on top of it or adds new details, it might be called:

• Mixed media,

• A reworked print, or

• An altered reproduction,

…but it would not usually be considered a true original unless the artist painted the entire image themselves.

What to Look for in a Fully Hand-Painted Original:

If you want to ensure the entire artwork is hand-painted:

• Ask for confirmation that the piece is 100% hand-painted by the artist from start to finish.

• Look for visible brushstrokes and texture -- you can often see and feel the layers of paint.

• Request a certificate of authenticity (COA) that states it is an original painting.

• Avoid artworks described as "giclée with hand embellishments" or “reproductions with added paint”-- these are often printed bases with limited hand-painted additions.